Spectrophotometric Estimation of Bicalutamide in Tablets

Pore, et al.: Spectrophotometric estimation of bicalutamide A simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate and precise spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of bicalutamide in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage forms. Bicalutamide shows maximum absorbance at 272 nm with molar absorptivity of 2.3399×10 4 l/mol/cm. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1.5-18 µg/ ml. The limit of detection and limit of quantifi cation were found to be 0.1 and 0.4 µg/ml, respectively. Results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. Bicalutamide, chemically,

Bicalutamide, chemically, (2RS)-4'-cyano-3-(4fluorophenylsulphonyl)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3'-(trifluoromethyl)-propionanilide is an orally active, nonsteroidal antiandrogen 1.It is mainly used in the treatment of prostate cancer 2 .It competitively blocks the growth-stimulating effects of androgens on prostate tumors 3 .The antiandrogenic activity resides almost exclusively in (R)-bicalutamide with little activity in (S)-bicalutamide [4][5][6] .It is highly lipophilic drug (log P 2.92) having very low aqueous solubility (5 mg/l) 3 .Literature survey revealed that the stability indicating liquid chromatographic method is available for the quantitative estimation of bicalutamide in bulk drugs 7 .The spectral characteristics of bicalutamide drug in different solvents and aqueous β-cyclodextrin has been also reported 8 .However, no UV spectrophotometric method is available for the quantitative determination of bicalutamide in its pharmaceutical dosage forms.This work was aimed to develop simple, rapid, accurate and speciÞ c UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of bicalutamide in pharmaceutical dosage forms.The method was further validated for the parameters like precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and linearity.The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were also determined.The results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies.This method of estimation of bicalutamide was found to be simple, precise and accurate.
Bicalutamide was obtained as a gift sample from Lupin Ltd., Mumbai, India.Bicalutamide tablets were procured from local pharmacy.All the reagents were of analytical grade.Double distilled water was used throughout the experiment.A GBC UV/Vis 911 A spectrophotometer with 1 cm matched quartz cells were used for the estimation.
An accurately weighed 5 mg of bicalutamide was dissolved in 5 ml of dimethylformamide (DMF) in a 50 ml volumetric ß ask and the volume was adjusted up to the mark with 1% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) prepared in distilled water to obtain a stock solution of 100 µg/ml.Aliquots of 0.15 to 1.8 ml portions of standard solution were transferred to a series of 10 ml volumetric ß asks and volume in each ß ask were adjusted to 10 ml with 1% SLS to obtain concentration of range of 1.5-18 µg/ml.One of the solutions was scanned in UV range using DMF: 1% SLS (1:9) as a blank and λ max was found to be 272 nm.The absorbance of solutions was measured at 272 nm against reagent blank and calibration curve of bicalutamide was constructed.The optical characteristics are presented in Table 1.
Twenty tablets of bicalutamide were weighed and powered in glass mortar.Amount equivalent to 5 mg was transferred to 50 ml volumetric ß ask, dissolved in 5 ml of DMF and made up the volume with 1% SLS to obtain a concentration of 100 µg/ml.The solution was filtered through Whatman filter paper No. 41 and Þ ltrate was diluted to obtain concentration in between linearity range.The absorbance of sample solution was measured and amount of bicalutamide was determined by referring to the calibration curve.Recovery studies were carried out by adding a known quantity of pure drug to the preanalyzed formulation and the proposed method was followed.From the amount of drug found, percentage recovery was calculated.The results obtained are given in Table 2.
The proposed method of determination of bicalutamide showed molar absorptivity of 2.3399×10 4 l/mol/cm and Sandell's sensitivity 0.018392 µg/ sq.cm/0.001-absorbanceunits.Linear regression of absorbance on concentration gave equation y= 0.054371x+0.040606with a correlation coefficient of 0.9988.Relative standard deviation of 0.002346 was observed for analysis of 3 replicate samples, indicating precision and reproducibility.Bicalutamide exhibits its maximum absorption at 272 nm and obeyed Beer's law in the range of 1.5-18 µg/ml.Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantiÞ cation (LOQ) were calculated by Eqs. 1, LOD= 3.3 δ/s and 2, LOQ= 10 δ/s, respectively, where δ is the standard deviation of blank and s is slope of calibration 9 .
The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.1 µg/ml and 0.4 µg/ml, respectively.The results of analysis and recovery studies are presented in the Table 2.The percentage recovery value 98.63% indicates that there is no interference from the excipients present in formulation.The developed method was found to be sensitive, accurate, precise and reproducible and can be used for the routine quality control analysis of bicalutamide in bulk drugs and formulations.Streptomycetes spp. as the microorganisms become resistant after some time to a particular antibiotic, it is becoming necessary to find newer antibiotics to which the microorganism is sensitive 4 .In the present study, some bacteria and fungal strains were tested for antibiotic sensitivity.Soil isolate named as NK 2 was found to be active on the selected microorganisms.Taxonomical studies were performed.The secondary metabolite of the soil isolate NK 2 showed antimicrobial activity.In this paper isolation, characterization, bioprocessing and evaluation of product, obtained from the soil isolate, NK 2 are described.
The cultures of tested microorganisms were obtained from National collection of industrial microorganisms, Pune.Vero cell lines were obtained from the Pasteur Institute of India, Coonoor.Media

TABLE 2 : RESULTS OF ANALYSIS AND RECOVERY STUDIES
SD is standard deviation, SE is standard error and COV is coefÞ cient of variation