KPNB1 and lung cancer: To define the transcriptional features, spatial distribution, and immune-related properties of an antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF)-like state in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to evaluate its relationship with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-karyopherin subunit beta 1 (KPNB1) axis, multi-omics analyses integrating single-cell RNA sequencing, spatial transcriptomics, and bulk transcriptomic data were performed.