qPCR analysis showed that RLX decreased DKK1 and MMP1A and increased SCN5A expression compared to Vehicle treatment (N=6 and 5, respectively).<h4>Conclusions</h4>The ZSF1 model showed clear signs of HFpEF, including DD, enlargement of the LA, enhanced hemodynamic stress, increased vulnerability to sustained AF and VF, and elevated glucose and blood pressure. The gene discussed is DKK1; the disease is atrial fibrillation.