The cytokines with the highest mean change (MCP-4, CCL23, GDNF and CCL11) showed good associations with clinical variables and were effective predictors of dupilumab response and disease control.<h4>Conclusion</h4>The inflammatory environment of the nasal mucosa in histological type 2 CRSwNP is most often characterized by a mixed type 1, 2, and 3 inflammatory endotype. The gene discussed is GDNF; the disease is chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.