TRPS1 and urinary bladder carcinoma: The ROC analysis showed strong diagnostic performance for all three urinary methylation markers: <i>TRPS1</i> had the highest AUC at 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96-0.99), followed by <i>HAND2</i> at 0.90 (95% CI: 0.85-0.95) and <i>ZNF154</i> at 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.89).<h4>Conclusions</h4>A urine-based three-gene methylation panel (<i>TRPS1</i>, <i>HAND2</i>, <i>ZNF154</i>) demonstrates promising accuracy for bladder cancer detection, with complementary signals improving specificity.