<h4>Background</h4>To construct a risk prediction nomogram combining P-wave electrocardiographic indicators with serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels for predicting recurrence risk after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF), and to propose follow-up care strategies, thereby providing a theoretical basis for clinical prevention of early AF recurrence after RFA.<h4>Methods</h4>A retrospective study was conducted on 200 AF patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation at our hospital between March 2023 and December 2024. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is atrial fibrillation.