We evaluated the diagnostic performance of Vanin-1 regarding the detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) and the differentiation of prerenal from intrinsic AKI compared to other known biomarkers.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Urinary Vanin-1, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated Lipocalin (NGAL), Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and calprotectin concentrations were assessed in 112 hospitalized subjects, 51 with intrinsic and 61 with prerenal AKI. This evidence concerns the gene VNN1 and acute kidney injury.