Maternal and cord blood plasma from 30 hyperglycemic and 23 normoglycemic mothers were analyzed for leptin, adiponectin, and soluble leptin receptor concentrations using immunoenzymatic assays.<h4>Results</h4>Maternal plasma leptin concentrations were significantly higher in the GDM-insulin group (10.05 ng/mL) than in non-GDM pregnancies (4.44 ng/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.033). The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is gestational diabetes.