Keyword and citation analysis reveal a shift from traditional immunological markers to non-invasive urinary biomarkers, such as MCP-1, NGAL, CD163, and complement-related molecules, alongside the adoption of multi-omics approaches and predictive models.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Research on LN biomarkers is moving from discovery to clinical application. The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is lobular neoplasia.