CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of dual ICI therapy in advanced/metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).<h4>Methods</h4>We systematically searched Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed from inception to August 2025 for RCTs comparing dual ICI therapy (PD-1/PD-L1+CTLA-4 inhibitors) versus control treatments in advanced/metastatic NSCLC.