GPD2 and endometriosis: Immunohistochemical validation confirmed high expression of the marker genes GPD2 and MRPS6, which was consistent with the transcriptomic findings.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study systematically elucidated the causal roles of mitochondrial genes in endometriosis, identifying GPD2 and MRPS6 as potential exploratory biomarkers and therapeutic targets.