Despite comparable retinal and cerebral amyloid and tau burdens between sexes, females exhibited a more severe neuroinflammatory-neurodegenerative phenotype with intensified gliosis and tissue atrophy, whereas males displayed a dominant vasculopathy, marked by increased retinal vascular Aβ<sub>40</sub> deposition, tight-junction disruption, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Here, MAPT is linked to cerebral amyloid angiopathy.