We examined the association of four emerging cardiovascular biomarkers [angiopoietin 2 (Angpt2), bone morphogenetic protein 10 (BMP10), fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7)] in comparison with N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) across the disease course of atrial fibrillation (AF).<h4>Methods and results</h4>We enrolled patients from a prospective cohort of patients at risk of AF or with manifest arrhythmia. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is Arrhythmia.