Importantly, in non-sensitized mice fed the sugar-rich diet, no pulmonary inflammation was detected by BAL, demonstrating that HSD alone does not induce asthma but amplifies allergic responses when sensitization is present.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Our findings demonstrate that short-term consumption of a sugar-rich diet is sufficient to exacerbate, but not initiate, allergic pulmonary inflammation. Here, CHST3 is linked to asthma.