The aim of this study was to assess whether AAPE analysis of cardiovascular signals following the administration of a glucose bolus directly into the extracorporeal circuit during hemodialysis (HD)-a method originally used to treat intradialytic hypotension and to study the kinetics of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in patients with and without type 2 diabetes-can predict mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis (HD), both with and without diabetes. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.