Therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs in breast cancer have evolved from depletion approaches (CSF1/CSF1R blockade) to inhibition of monocyte recruitment (CCL2/CCR2 axis), functional reprogramming (CD40 agonism, PI3Kγ inhibition), and macrophage-directed checkpoint modulation (CD47-SIRPα axis). The gene discussed is CD40; the disease is breast carcinoma.