NFKB1 and neoplasm: We discuss the roles of key pathways, including PI3K/Akt, TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, and Rho/ROCK signaling, in the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cytoskeletal remodeling, cancer stem cell phenotypes, and tumor-microenvironment interactions.