GCSH and neoplasm: Functional experiments demonstrated that GCSH silencing suppressed tumor cell proliferation, migration, and clonogenicity, induced apoptosis, enhanced proinflammatory cytokine secretion, and significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo.<h4>Conclusion</h4>GCSH acts as a central molecular link between macrophage metabolic reprogramming, immune suppression, and TNBC progression, highlighting its potential as both a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.