Over a median follow-up of 1·4 years (IQR 0·6-3·0), kidney disease progression occurred in 187 (0·9%) of 20 039 individuals who initiated a GLP-1 receptor agonist and 189 (1·4%) of 13 620 who initiated a DPP-4 inhibitor or sulfonylurea. The gene discussed is DPP4; the disease is kidney disorder.