CNP and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Regarding migration mechanisms, NET-DNA can promote HNSCC cell migration through its receptor CCDC25.<h4>Discussion</h4>This study reveals the key role of NETs in immune escape and metastasis of HNSCC and confirms that cNP disrupting NETs can synergistically enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy, providing a new combination therapy strategy for HNSCC.