IFNA1 and neoplasm: However, the role of serum IL-33 and soluble ST2 in Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) or its precursor, Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), remains largely unexplored.<h4>Aims</h4>To evaluate whether IL-33 and ST2, in conjunction with their interactions with IL-10 and IFN-<i>γ</i>, influence tumor dynamics in OSCC, as reflected in their serum levels.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>Ninety participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional observational study and divided into three groups: Healthy controls (HC) (<i>n</i> = 30), OPMDs (<i>n</i> = 30), and OSCC (<i>n</i> = 30).