VEGFA and coronary artery disorder: Endothelial barrier integrity was preserved through reduced PECAM-1 expression, restoration of claudin-5 and occludin, and selective inhibition of STAT3 phosphorylation, whereas TLR4/MAPK signaling remained unchanged.<h4>Conclusion</h4>CHD confers multi-level neurovascular protection by promoting collateral perfusion, facilitating VEGF-associated vascular adaptation, suppressing neuroinflammation, and stabilizing endothelial junctional architecture.