BDNF and cancer: Additional benefits included neuroprotection via blood-brain barrier crossing and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) elevation, prebiotic modulation of <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, and <i>Akkermansia</i> populations, and anti-cancer activity via nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibition.