However, their clinical value, optimal therapeutic positioning and rational use in AML remain to be fully clarified.<h4>Methods</h4>We collected and reviewed relevant literature to summarize the biological roles of XPO1 in AML and the therapeutic potential of XPO1 inhibitors in preclinical and clinical settings.<h4>Results</h4>In this review, we focus on the nuclear export function of XPO1 and its pathogenic role in AML. The gene discussed is XPO1; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.