XPO1 and acute myeloid leukemia: Future studies should focus on optimizing dosing schedules, identifying predictive biomarkers and developing effective combination strategies in molecularly selected AML populations.<h4>Key points</h4>XPO1 hyperactivation rewires nucleocytoplasmic transport and sustains leukaemogenic programs in genetically defined acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) subsets.