In the past years, significant advancements have been made in understanding how transcription factors of the NIN (Nodule Inception), GRAS (GIBBERELLIN-ACID INSENSITIVE (GAI), REPRESSOR of GA1 (RGA), and SCARECROW (SCR)), ERF (Ethylene Response Factor), ARF (Auxin Response Factor), LBD (Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain), and SHI/STY (SHORT INTERNODES/STYLISH) families function at different developmental stages of bacterial infection and nodule formation and differentiation. This evidence concerns the gene ERF and bacterial infectious disease.