CD8A and neoplasm: This study enhanced an agent-based learning model (ALM) to simulate RCC progression and treatment response by integrating hormonal effects, immune interactions, and tumor genetic adaptation with data-driven tuning.<h4>Methods</h4>An RCC-specific ALM was developed incorporating immune agents (CD8+, NK, Treg, dendritic cells), hormone-sensitive mechanisms, tumor genetic modules, and effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors (<i>ICI</i>s) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (<i>TKI</i>s).