The secondary outcomes include QoR-40 score on POD 2 and POD 3, levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6), pain scores at rest and while coughing, time to extubate, length of patients' stay in the post-anesthesia care unit, awakening time, ramsay sedation score on awakening, adverse events (postoperative symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, headache, respiratory depression, hypoxemia). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and respiratory depression.