IL1B and Anxiety: We sequenced the gut microbiota composition by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the plasma metabolomic profiling to explore the association between the gut microbiota and the plasma metabolites in mice with PTSD.<h4>Results</h4>The PTSD mice exhibited robust anxiety-like behaviors, significantly elevated plasma IL-1β and TNF-α, and profound gut dysbiosis characterized by a marked depletion of Muribaculaceae and Akkermansia and expansion of the Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group.