Furthermore, OLR1, the most essential gene of the signature, was found to be oncogenic and linked to immune evasion in HNSCC.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The Breg-related gene signature provides an effective prognostic tool for patients with HNSCC, reflects the immune landscape and TMB, and may direct personalized therapeutic approaches, such as immunotherapy. The gene discussed is OLR1; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.