INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Spearman correlation analyses revealed that the change in ACP was inversely associated with changes in both PICP<sub>0</sub> (ρ = -0.37, <i>P</i> = .009) and PICP<sub>190</sub> (ρ = -0.38, <i>P</i> = .01) over the 12-week study.<h4>Conclusion</h4>A KD decreases the proportion of proinsulin secreted to a greater extent than a LFD in patients with early T2D, a change that was associated with an improvement in beta-cell function.