This study aimed to characterize the tumour microenvironment features of KRAS-mutant LUAD following neoadjuvant programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy by integrating clinical outcomes with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).<h4>Methods</h4>A total of 143 patients with resectable LUAD were consecutively enrolled in this study, including 106 cases in the KRAS-wildtype cohort and 37 cases in the KRAS-mutant cohort. This evidence concerns the gene KRAS and neoplasm.