Co-exposure to 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and benzo[a]pyrene (NNK and BaP; collectively referred to as NB) combined with a high-fructose diet markedly accelerated tumor progression in multiple mouse models, including Kras<sup>G12D/+</sup>-driven LC and LKB1-deficient (LKB1<sup>KO</sup>) lung tumors. Here, KRAS is linked to neoplasm.