Post-mortem analyses corroborated these findings, demonstrating that D-NAC reduced microglial inflammation and IL-17a levels, while improving myelination and BBB integrity.<h4>Conclusions</h4>This study establishes D-NAC as a promising host-directed theranostic strategy for TB meningitis and supports the clinical potential of dendrimer nanoplatforms to diagnose and treat central nervous system infections. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and central nervous system infectious disorder.