CA2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Meanwhile, CA2 was identified as the core molecule linking AFB1 exposure to TACE nonresponse, with its expression consistently downregulated in HCC tumor tissues, TACE nonresponders (log<sub>2</sub>FC = -1.063, P.adj = 0.0001), and AFB1-treated liver cells (log<sub>2</sub>FC = -0.978, P.adj = 0.005).