<h4>Objectives</h4>To investigate the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) associations and clinical characteristics of anti-Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) encephalitis in a Chinese cohort, focusing on potential differences between early-onset and late-onset patients.<h4>Methods</h4>Eighty patients diagnosed with anti-LGI1 encephalitis at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between the years 2016 and 2024 were included. The gene discussed is LGI1; the disease is encephalitis.