Furthermore, EPS04 increased gut microbiota α-diversity, restored the <i>Bacteroidota</i>/<i>Firmicutes</i> ratio, and enriched beneficial taxa, including <i>Akkermansia</i> and <i>Dubosiella</i>.<h4>Conclusions</h4>EPS04 alleviates HUA through inhibition of XOD activity, upregulation of renal <i>ABCG2</i> expression, and modulation of gut microbiota, suggesting its potential as a nutraceutical biopolymer for dietary management of HUA and related metabolic disorders. Here, ABCG2 is linked to metabolic disease.