Results of the joint effect analysis showed that, compared with the group with an anti-inflammatory diet and lower AIP, the group with a pro-inflammatory diet and higher AIP had a 1.98-fold (OR = 2.98, 95% CI: 2.16-4.13, <i>p</i> < 0.001) increased risk of HDC.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Higher AIP levels and a pro-inflammatory diet were both associated with an increased risk of hypertension-diabetes comorbidity in Chinese elderly adults. This evidence concerns the gene AIP and diabetes mellitus.