ALB and gestational diabetes: Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC), Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of fit test, and clinical decision curve analysis, assessing the discrimination ability, calibration, and clinical utility of the model.<h4>Results</h4>Based on logistic regression analysis, we identified several significant delayed onset of lactogenesis risk factors for mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus: pre-delivery BMI, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score, serum albumin levels, LATCH score, blood glucose control during pregnancy.