<b>Results:</b> <i>P.g</i> administration in WT mice induced cognitive deficits, hippocampal neurodegeneration, p-Tau accumulation, and neuroinflammation, accompanied by dysregulated mitochondrial genes (NOX4, PPAR-α, and PGC-1α) and ferroptosis activation. This evidence concerns the gene NOX4 and Cognitive impairment.