<h4>Objective</h4>To compare the efficacy and safety of different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in combination with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), in order to guide clinical decision-making.<h4>Methods</h4>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to November 1, 2025. Here, VEGFA is linked to proliferative diabetic retinopathy.