SOD1 and osteoporosis: <h4>Objective</h4>This study aims to investigate how hyperoside (HYP) alleviates oxidative stress-induced osteoporosis, its molecular mechanisms, and its impact on osteoblast differentiation, oxidative damage, and the estrogen-PI3K/VEGF signaling pathway.<h4>Methods</h4>The osteoblast differentiation model was induced using dexamethasone, and osteoblast-related markers like ALP, NO, GSH, MDA, and SOD were measured post-HYP intervention.