In contrast, participants with a history of transient ischemic attacks (OR = 3.00; 95% CI = 1.46, 6.18), Lewy Body Disease (OR = 2.73; 95% CI = 1.14, 6.58), hippocampal sclerosis (OR = 2.70; 95% CI = 1.06, 6.86), Limbic-predominant Age-related TDP-43 Encephalopathy neuropathologic change (OR = 2.80; 95% CI = 1.53, 5.12), and a high number of non-ADNCs (OR = 4.46; 95% CI = 2.01, 9.92) had higher likelihood of dementia. Here, TARDBP is linked to Encephalopathy.