In this study, aberrant TXNIP in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced rat PCOS ovaries and dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced PCOS primary granulosa cells (GCs) coincided with a marked increase of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs); this aberrant TXNIP triggers the release of pro-fibrotic factors, such as collagen I, α-SMA, and TGF-β, from GCs. Here, ACTA1 is linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.