Furthermore, MSR1 and MERTK were found to be significantly correlated with specific intratumoral microbiota and associated with BRAF mutation and response to immunotherapy.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our study reveals a myeloid-centered regulatory network in thyroid cancer and highlights TNFSF12 as a context-dependent oncogene, offering novel insights into targeted therapy and immunotherapeutic strategies. The gene discussed is MSR1; the disease is thyroid cancer.