CD38 and laryngotracheoesophageal cleft: LC patients exhibited long-term decreased CD4<sup>+</sup>/CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell ratio, differentiation from naïve to TEMRA, CD57<sup>+</sup>CCR7<sup>-</sup> memory, and HLA-DR<sup>+</sup>CD38<sup>+</sup> activated CD4<sup>+</sup> and CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells.