CD8A and non-small cell lung carcinoma: This study investigates a novel approach by integrating dual-energy CT (DECT) parameters with radiomics to quantitatively assess stromal fibrosis (via <i>α</i>-SMA area) and CD8 + T-cell infiltration.<h4>Methods</h4>In this prospective study, 70 treatment-naive NSCLC patients were enrolled.