In the uterus, MSC increased the expression of Col1a1, Col3a1, Ctgf, Pcna, Ccnd1, and Ki67, consistent with extracellular matrix repair and proliferative renewal.<h4>Conclusions</h4>These data suggest that MSCs derived from reproductive tissues, particularly endometrial origin, may restore fertility in POI by linking follicular activation to endometrial remodeling and support the translational development of MSC therapies that address both follicular depletion and uterine competence in infertility. The gene discussed is COL1A1; the disease is Infertility.