TGFB1 and Alzheimer disease: Inflammaging with high levels of proinflammatory marker expression may result from changes in immune responses, chronic antigenic stimulation, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors, such as increased expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10) has been reported in AD patients.