Serum levels of CXCL8, IL-6, and IL-17A were also significantly elevated in MD patients during attacks.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Our findings support a novel "hypoimmune-hyperinflammatory switch" model in MD, wherein macrophages play an important role in initiating and amplifying inflammatory responses to environmental triggers via CXCL8 production and cellular crosstalk. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is Menkes disease.