TNF and cancer: Immune profiling showed elevated CD3<sup>+</sup>CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells and reduced TNF-α levels, while MIMOSA2 analysis linked microbial taxa to metabolic shifts, such as correlations between <i>Ruminococcus torques</i> and butyric acid.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These findings suggest that JK5G may contribute to the amelioration of cancer-related pain by reshaping gut microbiota, modulating host metabolism, and enhancing immune responses.